More recent useful references are K. Lodders, The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 591, p. 1220 (2003), and M. Asplund, N. Grevesse, A. J. Sauval, and P. Scott, Annual Reviews of Astronomy and Astropysics, Vol. 47, 481 (2009). Most of the changes are rather small, especially for the heavier elements, but the newer values for the lighter elements, especially oxygen, are significant, and have been somewhat controversial.
Element | Symbol | Atomic No. | Atomic Wt. | Abund. | Log(Ab) |
Hydrogen | H | 1 | 1.0079 | 9.99E+11 | 12.00 |
Helium | He | 2 | 4.0026 | 9.74E+10 | 10.99 |
Lithium | Li | 3 | 6.9400 | 2.05E+03 | 3.31 |
Beryllium | Be | 4 | 9.0100 | 2.61E+01 | 1.42 |
Boron | B | 5 | 10.8100 | 7.59E+02 | 2.88 |
Carbon | C | 6 | 12.0100 | 3.62E+08 | 8.56 |
Nitrogen | N | 7 | 14.0100 | 1.12E+08 | 8.05 |
Oxygen | O | 8 | 16.0000 | 8.52E+08 | 8.93 |
Fluorine | F | 9 | 19.0000 | 3.02E+04 | 4.48 |
Neon | Ne | 10 | 20.1800 | 1.23E+08 | 8.09 |
Sodium | Na | 11 | 22.9900 | 2.06E+06 | 6.31 |
Magnesium | Mg | 12 | 24.3000 | 3.85E+07 | 7.59 |
Aluminium | Al | 13 | 26.9800 | 3.04E+06 | 6.48 |
Silicon | Si | 14 | 28.0900 | 3.58E+07 | 7.55 |
Phosphorus | P | 15 | 30.9700 | 3.72E+05 | 5.57 |
Sulfur | S | 16 | 32.0700 | 1.84E+07 | 7.27 |
Chlorine | Cl | 17 | 35.4500 | 1.88E+05 | 5.27 |
Argon | Ar | 18 | 39.9500 | 3.62E+06 | 6.56 |
Potassium | K | 19 | 39.1000 | 1.35E+05 | 5.13 |
Calcium | Ca | 20 | 40.0800 | 2.19E+06 | 6.34 |
Scandium | Sc | 21 | 44.9600 | 1.23E+03 | 3.09 |
Titanium | Ti | 22 | 47.8800 | 8.59E+04 | 4.93 |
Vanadium | V | 23 | 50.9400 | 1.05E+04 | 4.02 |
Chromium | Cr | 24 | 52.0000 | 4.83E+05 | 5.68 |
Manganese | Mn | 25 | 54.9400 | 3.42E+05 | 5.53 |
Iron | Fe | 26 | 55.8500 | 3.22E+07 | 7.51 |
Cobalt | Co | 27 | 58.9300 | 8.06E+04 | 4.91 |
Nickel | Ni | 28 | 58.6900 | 1.77E+06 | 6.25 |
Copper | Cu | 29 | 63.5500 | 1.87E+04 | 4.27 |
Zinc | Zn | 30 | 65.3900 | 4.51E+04 | 4.65 |
Gallium | Ga | 31 | 69.7200 | 1.35E+03 | 3.13 |
Germanium | Ge | 32 | 72.6100 | 4.26E+03 | 3.63 |
Arsenic | As | 33 | 74.9200 | 2.35E+02 | 2.37 |
Selenium | Se | 34 | 78.9600 | 2.22E+03 | 3.35 |
Bromine | Br | 35 | 79.9000 | 4.23E+02 | 2.63 |
Krypton | Kr | 36 | 83.8000 | 1.61E+03 | 3.21 |
Rubidium | Rb | 37 | 85.4700 | 2.54E+02 | 2.40 |
Strontium | Sr | 38 | 87.6200 | 8.42E+02 | 2.93 |
Yttrium | Y | 39 | 88.9100 | 1.66E+02 | 2.22 |
Zirconium | Zr | 40 | 91.2200 | 4.08E+02 | 2.61 |
Neobium | Nb | 41 | 92.9100 | 2.50E+01 | 1.40 |
Molybdenum | Mo | 42 | 95.9400 | 9.13E+01 | 1.96 |
Technetium | Tc | 43 | -98.0000 | ||
Ruthenium | Ru | 44 | 101.0700 | 6.66E+01 | 1.82 |
Rhodium | Rh | 45 | 102.9100 | 1.23E+01 | 1.09 |
Palladium | Pd | 46 | 106.4200 | 4.98E+01 | 1.70 |
Silver | Ag | 47 | 107.8700 | 1.74E+01 | 1.24 |
Cadmium | Cd | 48 | 112.4100 | 5.77E+01 | 1.76 |
Indium | In | 49 | 114.8200 | 6.59E+00 | 0.82 |
Tin | Sn | 50 | 118.7100 | 1.37E+02 | 2.14 |
Antimony | Sb | 51 | 121.7600 | 1.11E+01 | 1.04 |
Tellurium | Te | 52 | 127.6000 | 1.72E+02 | 2.24 |
Iodine | I | 53 | 126.9045 | 1.51E+02 | 2.18 |
Xenon | Xe | 54 | 131.2900 | 1.68E+02 | 2.23 |
Cesium | Cs | 55 | 132.9100 | 1.33E+01 | 1.12 |
Barium | Ba | 56 | 137.3300 | 1.61E+02 | 2.21 |
Lanthanum | La | 57 | 138.9100 | 1.60E+01 | 1.20 |
Cerium | Ce | 58 | 140.1200 | 4.07E+01 | 1.61 |
Prasodymiu | |P | 59 | 140.9100 | 5.98E+00 | 0.78 |
Neodymium | Nd | 60 | 144.2400 | 2.97E+01 | 1.47 |
Promethium | Pm | 61 | -145.0000 | ||
Samarium | Sm | 62 | 150.3600 | 9.25E+00 | 0.97 |
Europium | Eu | 63 | 151.9600 | 3.48E+00 | 0.54 |
Gadolinium | Gd | 64 | 157.2500 | 1.18E+01 | 1.07 |
Terbium | Tb | 65 | 158.9300 | 2.16E+00 | 0.33 |
Dysprosium | Dy | 66 | 162.5000 | 1.41E+01 | 1.15 |
Holmium | Ho | 67 | 164.9300 | 3.18E+00 | 0.50 |
Erbium | Er | 68 | 167.2600 | 8.98E+00 | 0.95 |
Thulium | Tm | 69 | 168.9300 | 1.35E+00 | 0.13 |
Ytterbium | Yb | 70 | 173.0400 | 8.88E+00 | 0.95 |
Lutetium | Lu | 71 | 174.9700 | 1.31E+00 | 0.12 |
Hafnium | Hf | 72 | 178.4900 | 5.52E+00 | 0.74 |
Tantalum | Ta | 73 | 180.9500 | 7.41E-01 | -0.13 |
Tungsten | W | 74 | 183.8400 | 4.76E+00 | 0.68 |
Rhenium | Re | 75 | 186.2100 | 1.85E+00 | 0.27 |
Osmium | Os | 76 | 190.2300 | 2.42E+01 | 1.38 |
Iridium | Ir | 77 | 192.2200 | 2.37E+01 | 1.37 |
Platinum | Pt | 78 | 195.0800 | 4.80E+01 | 1.68 |
Gold | Au | 79 | 196.9700 | 6.70E+00 | 0.83 |
Mercury | Hg | 80 | 200.5900 | 1.22E+01 | 1.09 |
Thallium | Tl | 81 | 204.3800 | 6.59E+00 | 0.82 |
Lead | Pb | 82 | 207.2000 | 1.13E+02 | 2.05 |
Bismuth | Bi | 83 | 208.9800 | 5.16E+00 | 0.71 |
Polonium | Po | 84 | -209.0000 | ||
Astatine | At | 85 | -210.0000 | ||
Radon | Rn | 86 | -222.0000 | ||
Francium | Fr | 87 | -223.0000 | ||
Radium | Ra | 88 | 226.0200 | ||
Actinium | Ac | 89 | 227.0300 | ||
Thorium | Th | 90 | 232.0400 | 1.20E+00 | 0.08 |
Protactinium | Pa | 91 | 231.0400 | ||
Uranium | U | 92 | 238.0300 | 3.22E-01 | -0.49 |