Off With Your Head: Philosophy on Crime and Punishment in the 17th and 18th centuries

Cold Facts: The Bloody Code

Turning Point: Changes in Criminal Philosophy on Crime and Punishment

Criminal Justice Reform: Post-Enlightenment Reform

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Welcome readers, whether ye be criminals, activists, philosophers, or just curious: you’ll learn everything you ever wanted to learn about English Enlightenment criminal reform!
CLICK ON EACH PHILOSOPHER'S PICTURE TO GET THE INSIDE SCOOP ON THEIR CONTRIBUTION TO CRIMINAL JUSTICE REFORM!!

During the 17th and 18th centuries, crime and punishment in England were everything but predictable.There were no real police force and the crime rate was at an all-time high, therefore punishment of crime was the toughest it has been in English history. One could be tried and sentenced to death for shooting a rabbit, cutting down fruit trees, or being found on the King’s highway with a sooty face. In some cases, prisoners refused to speak in court, and in this instance, they would be stretched out on the ground and pressed with crushing lead weights until they spoke. Punishment was extreme and the need for low-cost punishment lead to over 200 offences susceptible to the death sentence by the late 1700s. Relentlessly, children and adults could be charged equally for crimes. This was not a good time to tried under the law.

Today we have the Enlightenment and its progressive-thinking, radical philosophers to thank for their efforts to reform the grotesque forms of punishment that were so common a few centuries ago.They greatly influenced the more equal and rational penal system that we know today. The debate on capital punishment and theories on punishment continues on today, but these philosophers founded progressive theories in their time that changed the face of criminal justice forever.

 

John Howard
Baron de Montesquieu
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Voltaire
Cesare Beccaria
Jeremy Bentham