Quiz Questions

Section 8

 

 

1.The psychodynamic approach to development which is stage focused and covers the entire lifespan was developed by who?

a. Freud������ b. Erikson�� c. Piget������ d.Skinner

 

2.The theory of development which focuses on the role of evolution and biology is what?

a.Cognitive������ b.Psychodynamicc.Learning������ d.Ethological

 

3.Substances that cross the placental barrier and harm the embryo/fetus are known as what?

a.teratogens���� b. sonograms��� c.genotypes��� d.blastocysts

 

 

4. Human development is a complex process that may be divided into the following four dimensions:

 

a. physical, childhood, social, and professional

b. psychological, physical, emotional, and cognitive

c. physical, cognitive, emotional, and social development

d. physical, psychological, childhood, and adulthood

 

5. Which theorist divided human development into eight stages and said that the individual has a psychosocial task to master during each stage?

 

a. Erikson

b. Freud

c. Piaget

d. Bandura

 

6. About what percent of infertility cases involve the woman?

 

a. 10%

b. 20%

c. 40%

d. 60%

 

 

7.Who was the scientist who demonstrated classical conditioning with a young child named Albert and a rat?

��������� a. Freud�� b.B.F. Skinner��� c.John Watson��� d.IvanPavlov

 

8.According to Piaget, what yrs. are referred to as the formal operation

stage?

��������� a.2-7����������������� b. birth-2��� c.7-11����� d. 11 and up

 

9.What is the name of an observable trait such as seed color?

��������� a.genotype�������� b. phenotype������� c. incomplete dominanced.allele

 

10. According to Piaget's stages of cognitive development, which stage

involves acquiring language?

��������� a. sensorimotor stage

��������� b. preoperational stage

��������� c. concrete operational stage

��������� d. formal operational stage

������������������

 

11.Disorders carried by only the mother, through defective recessive

genes on the X chromosome are called:

��������� a. incomplete dominance

��������� b. sex-linked

��������� c. amniocentesis

��������� d. heterozygous

 

12.All of the following are parts of a neuron except:

��������� a. colostrum

��������� b. axon

��������� c. myelin sheath

��������� d. dendrites

������������������

 

13.Which developmental theory deals states most strongly that your

environment is the key to your development?

a- Learning Theory

b-psychoanalytic Theory

c-Cognitive theory

d-Ethological theory

 

 

14.What % of infertility cases are caused by the male?

a-60

b-40

c-0

d-20

 

15. The least developed sense of a neonate is

a- smell

b-hearing

c-touch

d-vision

 

 

16. Which theorist is credited with operant conditioning?

��������� a. Skinner

��������� b. Pavlov

��������� c. Rogers

��������� d. Buhler

 

 

17. Which is NOT a period of prenatal development:

��������� a. ectopic

��������� b. fetal

��������� c. embryonic

��������� d. germinal

 

18.Which of the senses is the least developed in a newborn?

��������� a. hearing

��������� b. touch

��������� c. smell

��������� d. vision

 

 

19.Which stage of Freud's psychosexual theory occurs at the same time as Erikson's psychosocial stage of "trust v. distrust"?

a. anal stage

b. phallic stage

c. oral stage

d. latency stage

 

20.What have adoption studies shown pertaining to intelligence?

 

a. children who were adopted and had no contact with their biological

parents tend to have IQs more similar to their adoptive parents than their biological mother.

b. adopted children usually have higher IQs than their biological parents.

c. adopted children usually have higher IQs than their adopted parents.

d. adopted children who were raised away from their biological parents

tend to have IQs more similar to the IQs of their biological mothers than to their adoptive parents.

 

21. Which of the following is NOT a possible reason for the increase in

cesarean sections?

a. doctor's fear of being sued if vaginal birth goes wrong

b. improved training and reduced surgical risks

c. belief that cesareans mean better babies

d. none of the above

 

 

22.This type of study combines the best features of both longitudinal studies and of cross-sectional studies.

A. case studies

B. standardized testing

C. sequential studies

D. interviews

 

23.In Freud's psychosexual theory of development, which stage includes children from the age of 2 to 3 who are greatly interested in toilet training.

A. Oral stage

B. Anal Stage

C. Genital Stage

D. Phallic Stage

 

24.An observable trait in the process of inheritance is called:

A. genotype

B. phenotype

C. alleles

D. autosomes

 

 

25.The theorist Konrad Lorenz, emphasized which theory?

 

��������� a. Psychoanalytic

��������� b. Learning

��������� c. Ethology

��������� d. Cognitive

 

26.Directly inserting into the fallopian tube, an egg cell and sperm

cells is known as

 

��������� a. Artificial insemination

��������� b. Homologous insemination

��������� c. In vitro fertilization

��������� d. Gameteintrafallopian transfer

 

27.Which sense perception is the least developed for newborns?

��������� a. vision

��������� b. taste

��������� c. smell

��������� d. hearing

 

 

28. which form of data collection requires that the researcher follows a

single person or group of people for a given length of time?

 

a- questionaire

b- interviews

c- case study

d- standardized testing

 

29. which of the answers is NOT a requirement of a good theory?

 

a- internally consistant

b- is not broadly applicable

c- is falsifiable

d- stimulates new thinking

 

30. the ethological theory has emphasis on

a- critical periods

b- free association

c- oedipal complex

d- ethics

 

 

31.What is the source of most birth defects?

���������

a. drugs

b. alcohol

c. chromosomal disorders

d. single gene disorders

 

 

32.The period of development when the blastula is formed is known as the

 

a. fetal

b germinal

c. embryonic

d. third trimester

 

 

33.Which theory of development focuses on biological, inborn drives and critical periods?

 

a. humanistic

b. psychoanalytic/psychodynamic

c. cognitive

d. learning

 

 

34.The weakness of correlational studies is that they do not indicate

 

a.������ Negative associations

b.������ Positive associations

c.������ Causation

d.������ Test-retest reliability

 

 

35.According to humanistic theories, human actions are most influenced by

 

a.������ Operant conditioning

b.������ Safety needs

c.������ Love and belongingness needs

d.������ Both b and c

 

 

36.The sense that is least developed in neonates is

a.������ Vision

b.������ Hearing

c.������ Taste

d.������ Touch and pain

 

 

37.Which of the following is not a form of Infertility Treatment?

a.Artificial Insemination

b.In Vitro Fertilization

c.Drug Therapy

d.all of the above

 

38.What percentage of humans are perfect at birth?

 

a.50-75%

b.75-100%

c.25-50%

d.less than 25%

 

39.Which of the following is not true of the influence toxins have on men?

 

a.number of sperm may be reduced

b.sperm can be damaged

c.sperm can carry toxins to the brain

d.chemicals can affect the testes

 

 

40.cognitive theory deals with:

��� a. self-actualization

��� b. thinking and problem solving skills

��� c. learning desirable behaviors

��� d. inborn biological drives

 

41.Infertility is defined as:

�� a. inability to conceive after 1 year

�� b. Inability to carry a pregnancy to term

�� c. inability to conceive after 6 months when over 35

�� d. a and b only

�� e. all of the above

 

42.Teratogen is:

�� a. Maternal illness

�� b. environmental toxins

�� c. social or medicinal drugs

�� d. any substance that can interfere with an embryo's development

�� e. all of the above

 

43. Which statement is true?

�� a. about 10-20% of couples experience infertility

�� b. about 25-35% of couples experience infertility

�� c. about 5-10% of couples experience infertility

 

 

44.Which of the following would not be considered a biological risk

factor of infertility?

a. ovulation

b. low sperm count

c. exposure to lead

d. quality of sperm

 

45.During which period of childhood do children begin to develop a

concept of self and and of gender identities and roles?

a. infancy

b. early childhood

c. middle childhood

d. adolescence

 

46.Which theory of development focuses on the role of evolution and

biology in development and behavior?

a. psychoanalytic

b. learning

c. cognitive

d. ethological

 

47.Who was the originator of psychoanalytical theory?

���� a) Erikson

���� b) Freud

���� c) Pavlov

���d) Skinner

 

48.Development is:

���� a) Cumulative

���� b) Continous

���� c) Variable

���� d) All of the above

���� e) None of the above

 

49.Which group of theories holds a holistic view of human development?

���� a) Learning Theories

���� b) Psychoanalytic Theories

���� c) Humanistic Theories

���� d) Cognitive Theories

 

 

50.In an experiment, a factor that is manipulated or controlled by the

experimenter is a(n)?

 

a. independent variable

b. dependent variable

c. experimental method

d. test

 

 

51.Which is the first stage of developement according to Freud?

 

a. phallic stage

b. latency stage

c. oral stage

d. genital stage

 

 

52.Inserting sperm cells and an egg cell directly into the fallopian tube is an example of?

 

a. embryo transplant

b. GIFT

c. in vitro fertilization

d. surrogate mother

 

 

53.Johnny understands that when a ball of clay is flattened when he

pushes on it, that the total quantity of clay is not altered.According

to Piaget, what stage of development has Johnny entered?

A.)��� sensorimotor stage

B.)��� preoperational stage

C.)��� concrete operational stage

D.)��� formal operational stage

 

54.Which of the following is not a sign of a newborn's physical condition included in the Apgar Score?

A.)��� heart rate

B.)��� muscle tone

C.)��� reflex response

D.)��� hearing

 

55.Which of the following theories emphasizes the importance of

unconscious motivations in influencing behavior?

A.)��� Humanistic Theories

B.)��� Learning Theories

C.)��� Cognitive Theories

D.)��� Psychoanalytical Theories

 

56.If a child get angry at their parents and takes it out on their dog it is considered to be what mechanism?

a.                 sublimation

b.                 denial

c.                 displacement

d.                 fixated

�����������

 

57.What theory emphasizes the role of the environmental influences in molding behavior?

a. humanistic

b. behaviorism

c. psychoanalytical

d. cognitive

 

58.According to Piaget, at what stage will children learn be able to think in more abstract way?

a.                 Preoperational

b.                 Concrete Operational

c.                 Sensorimoter

d.                 Formal Operational

 

 

59.Whose theory included stages of trust vs. distrust, initiative vs. guilt, and intimacy vs. isolation?

a.                 Freud

b.                 Erikson

c.                 Skinner

d.                 Bandura

 

60.What is the name of the theory that emphasizes that behavior is the product of evolution and is biologically determined?

e.                 Ethology

f.                  Bonding

g.                 Attachment theory

h.                 Adaptation

 

 

61.Which of the following factors can effect the development of a growing fetus?

i.                   Maternal AIDS

j.                   Smoking

k.                 Radiation

l.                   All of the above

 

62.For Freud, which is not a primary determinant of behavior?

a.                 aggressive instincts

b.                 drive to become self actualized

c.                 sexual urges

d.                 unconscious motivations

 

 

63.According to Erikson, which stage of psychosocial development would a person in their 20s or 30s be experiencing?

a.                 Initiative vs. guilt

b.                 Integrity vs. Despair

c.                 Intimacy vs. Isolation

d.                 Identity vs. role confusion

 

 

64.What defense mechanism might a 7-year-old child who wets the bed or sucks their thumb be displaying?

a.                 Displacement

b.                 Reaction Formation

c.                 Repression

d.                 Regression

 

 

65.Which of the following is an example of a test used to screen for genetic defects prenatally?

a.                 Oogenesis

b.                 Gamete intrafallopian transfer

c.                 Morula

d.                 Amniocentesis

 

 

66. Which of the following is not one of Freud�s defense mechanisms?

 

a.     Reaction Formation

b.     Sublimation

c.     Pleasure principle

d.     Regression

 

 

67. Which of the following are the rodlike structures in each cell, occurring in pairs, that carry the hereditary material?

 

a.     Genes

b.     DNA

c.     Alleles

d.     Chromosomes

 

 

68. Which of the following is a procedure done to first time mothers to prevent excessive stretching or tearing of the perineum?

 

a.     Cesarean Section

b.     Episiotomy

c.     Anoxia

d.     Vernex Caseosa

 

69.According to the textbook, ___________ theory is the description of the process by which infants develop close emotional dependence on one or more adult caregivers.

 

a.                 humanistic

b.                 learning

c.                 attachment

d.                 psychoanalytical

 

 

70.Which of the following is not a period of prenatal development, according to the textbook?

 

a.                 germinal

b.                 primary

c.                 fetal

d.                 embryonic

 

 

71.�� What principle does the ego follow according to psychoanalytical theory?

 

a.                 social

b.                 pleasure

c.                 free association

d.                 reality

 

 

72.Human development has been divided into four categories.Which of the following is not one of the basic dimensions?

a.                 social

b.                 cognitive

c.                 abnormal

d.                 physical

e.                 emotional

 

73. As part of conception, a fertilized ovum is called?

a.                 egg

b.                 gamete

c.                 zygote

d.                 ova

 

 

74. Which is not an example of a disease caused by recessive genes?

a.                 cystic fibrosis

b.                 Down�s Syndrome

c.                 phenylketonuria (PKU)

d.                 Tay-Sachs