Stain Resistance of Resin Modified Glass Ionomer Restoratives

Objectives: � This in vitro study evaluated the stain resistance of resin modified glass ionomer (RMGIs) over time when exposed to tea, red wine and coffee.

 

Methods: � Total of sixty disks, twelve per group, were fabricated using shade A2 of each RMGI material (n=60). Groups: 1-RivaLC(SDI), 2- FujiII-LC(GC America) 3- Riva LCHV(SDI), 4-Photac-FilQuickAplicap(3M ESPE), and 5-KetacNano(3M ESPE).� RMGI was dispensed into a 16mm-diameter stainless steel mold, compressed with a mylar strip and glass slide on both sides. Molds were light cured 1min on each side (SDI Radii Plus), and thickness of the disks measured (1.00�0.05mm).� Three samples from each material were randomly assigned to red wine, black tea, coffee or unstained (control) and stored at 37�C in de-ionized water for three days.� Color and opacity were measured (XRite spectrometer) using the contrast ratio, prior to staining procedure. Water was placed between the disk and substrate to obtain good optical contact.� The samples were then transferred to staining solutions and stored at 37�C.�� After 4 and 5 days, samples were removed from staining solutions, washed with de-ionized water, and opacity and color were measured.� Between measurements, the samples were transferred to fresh staining solution and stored at 37�C. The changes in opacity and color were analyzed using ANOVA and Multiple Range Test (LSD,95%confidence level, p-value< 0.05).

 

Results:

Table 1	Change in Color (nm) for 2 day stain immersion
Group	Control	Red Wine	�Tea	�Coffee
1	1.00 � 0.66 a	9.92 � 0.11 a	15.46 � 0.45 a	8.23 � 1.14 a
2	0.74 � 0.17 a	5.59 � 0.44 b	18.63 � 0.17 b	8.75 � 0.93 b
3	0.57 � 0.40 a	7.55 � 1.09 c	13.72 � 1.68 c	6.53 � 2.30 a
4	0.99 �0.60 a	11.65 � 1.22 a	19.09 � 1.45 b	10.40 � 0.61 c
5	1.56 � 0.50 a	3.77 � 0.60 d	9.92 � 0.70 d	14.13 � 2.08 c
Values in one column with the same characters are statistically not different
Table 2	Change in Opacity (nm) for 2 day stain immersion
Group	Control	Red Wine	Tea	Coffee
1	0.27 � 1.33 a	0.92 � 0.57 a	8.33 � 0.29 a	2.40 � 1.92 a
2	-0.13 � 0.59 b	0.79 � 1.93 b	16.01 � 0.90 b	4.56 � 1.02 b
3	-0.47 � 1.73 c	3.66 � 2.01 c	10.18 � 2.44 c	5.54 � 1.36 c
4	-1.16 � 1.56 c	-0.76� � 3.65 c	13.41 � 3.83 d	5.09 � 1.02 d
5	3.21 � 3.51 d	4.07 � 1.67 d	10.78 � 1.45 e	8.46 � 1.28 e
Values in one column with the same characters are statistically not different.

 

Conclusions: � Staining with beverages affects both color and opacity.� Group-5 behaves differently from other RMGIs, which take up red wine and coffee stains to a similar extent.�� Group-5 takes up more coffee stain than red wine.� Clinically, group-5 may be more appropriate for wine and tea drinkers, while the other RMGIs are more appropriate for coffee drinkers.