The Orthopaedic Research Laboratories feature complete molecular biology support instrumentation for Northern, Western, Southern analysis, PCR, in situ hybridization and other support systems. The laboratory also houses complete cell and tissue culture facilities, including three CO2/water jacketed cell incubators, one non-CO2 chilling incubator, Speedvac system, fluorometer, gel dryer, Sorvall floor high speed centrifuge, Beckman ultracentrifuge, three cell culture hoods, two fluorescent-detection real time thermocyclers – a MJR Opticon Quantitative Thermocycler and Biorad iCycler, Labnet refrigerated centrifuge, Sorvall Legend table top centrifuge, MJR thermocycler, three custom-built in vitro loading devices (Shear; Strain; Hydrostatic).