.. _HHEX: HHEX ^^^^ .. contents:: :local: General Information ******************* :Full gene name: hematopoietically expressed homeobox :Entrez Gene ID: 3087 :Location: 10q23.33 :Synonyms: HMPH, HEX, PRH, PRHX, HOX11L-PEN :Type: protein-coding User SNPs ********* SNPs given by the user that are near or inside this gene: +-----------+---------------+------------+ | SNP | Distance (bp) | Direction | +===========+===============+============+ | rs1111875 | 7474 | downstream | +-----------+---------------+------------+ .. _HHEX Gene summary: NCBI Summary ************ This gene encodes a member of the homeobox family of transcription factors, many of which are involved in developmental processes. Expression in specific hematopoietic lineages suggests that this protein may play a role in hematopoietic differentiation. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008] .. _OMIM ID 604420 : http://omim.org/entry/604420 .. _HHEX OMIM Text: OMIM **** :OMIM ID: `OMIM ID 604420 `_ .. _HHEX Phenotype: NCBI Phenotypes *************** * Meta-analysis of genome-wide association data and large-scale replication identifies additional susceptibility loci for type 2 \ ``diabetes``\ . * Genetic risk and a primary role for cell-mediated immune mechanisms in multiple sclerosis. * Identification of new genetic risk variants for type 2 \ ``diabetes``\ . * Confirmation of multiple risk Loci and genetic impacts by a genome-wide association study of type 2 \ ``diabetes``\ in the Japanese population. * A genome-wide association study identifies novel risk loci for type 2 \ ``diabetes``\ . * Stratifying Type 2 \ ``Diabetes``\ Cases by BMI Identifies Genetic Risk Variants in LAMA1 and Enrichment for Risk Variants in Lean Compared to Obese Cases. * NHGRI GWA Catalog * Twelve type 2 \ ``diabetes``\ susceptibility loci identified through large-scale association analysis. * Genome-wide association analysis identifies loci for type 2 \ ``diabetes``\ and triglyceride levels. * Replication of genome-wide association signals in UK samples reveals risk loci for type 2 \ ``diabetes``\ . * Eight common genetic variants associated with serum DHEAS levels suggest a key role in ageing mechanisms. * A genome-wide association study of type 2 \ ``diabetes``\ in Finns detects multiple susceptibility variants. .. _HHEX GO Term: Gene Ontology ************* * multicellular organism growth * DNA conformation change * protein homodimerization activity * response to peptide hormone stimulus * negative regulation of transcription by transcription factor localization * cytoplasm * response to wounding * pancreas development * common bile duct development * negative regulation of angiogenesis * forebrain morphogenesis * embryonic heart tube development * embryonic organ development * cell differentiation * hepatic duct development * chromatin binding * TBP-class protein binding * cell proliferation * protein binding * hepatoblast differentiation * eukaryotic initiation factor 4E binding * protein-DNA complex * in utero embryonic development * protein localization to nucleus * mRNA export from nucleus * negative regulation of transcription by competitive promoter binding * DNA binding, bending * HMG box domain binding * negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter * transcription, DNA-dependent * thyroid gland development * positive regulation of Wnt receptor signaling pathway * Wnt receptor signaling pathway * primary lung bud formation * repressing transcription factor binding * regulation of cell proliferation * gall bladder development * poly(A)+ mRNA export from nucleus * cell cycle * anterior/posterior pattern specification * nucleus * transcription regulatory region DNA binding * transcription factor binding * B cell differentiation * interkinetic nuclear migration * vasculogenesis * primitive streak formation * sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity * hepatocyte differentiation * sequence-specific DNA binding * positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter * negative regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway * myeloid leukocyte differentiation * endoderm development * negative regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent .. _HHEX Pathway: KEGG Pathways ************* * `Transcriptional misregulation in cancer `_ * `Maturity onset \ ``diabetes``\ of the young `_ .. _HHEX GeneRIF: GeneRIFs ******** * HEX may play a role in differentiation of the epithelial breast cell [`PMID 16854221`_] * Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) analysis revealed that the sequence variant (rs5015480) near HHEX and two SNPs (rs7756992 and rs9465871) in CDKAL1 were associated with the susceptibility of type 2 \ ``diabetes``\ mellitus in females, but not in males. [`PMID 21368910`_] * Single nucleotid polymorphismallele represents a risk allele for beta-cell dysfunction and, mayconfer increased susceptibility of beta-cells toward adverse environmental factors and type 2 \ ``diabetes``\ . [`PMID 18039816`_] * Type 2 \ ``diabetes``\ susceptibility alleles at HHEX are associated with low body mass index at 8 years in children who were born large for gestational age. [`PMID 20460429`_] * Observational study of gene-disease association, gene-gene interaction, gene-environment interaction, and genetic testing. (HuGE Navigator) [`PMID 20075150`_] * Meta-analysis and HuGE review of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator) [`PMID 19602701`_] * Observational study of gene-disease association, gene-gene interaction, gene-environment interaction, and pharmacogenomic / toxicogenomic. (HuGE Navigator) [`PMID 20879858`_] * PRH is a negative regulator of eIF4E in myeloid cells, interacting with eIF4E through a conserved binding site typically found in translational regulators [`PMID 12554669`_] * Affinity Capture-Western; Two-hybrid [`PMID 10597310`_] * Our data indicate that common genetic variants in two genes previously related to obesity (FTO) and \ ``diabetes``\ (HHEX) by genome-wide association scans were not associated with endometrial cancer risk. [`PMID 20647405`_] * PRH is a key regulator of the VEGF signaling pathway and describe a mechanism whereby PRH plays an important role in tumorigenesis and leukemogenesis. [`PMID 20176809`_] * region of PRH contains a novel proline-rich dimerisation domain that mediates oligomerisation [`PMID 16540119`_] * Pax8 regulates the transcriptional activity of Hex promoter; several Pax8 binding sites in the Hex promoter are present [`PMID 15062550`_] * Single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the HHEX gene are associated with susceptibility to type 2 diaabetes across the boundary of race. [`PMID 17971426`_] * Observational study and genome-wide association study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator) [`PMID 19401414`_] * The association of low birth weight and type 2 \ ``diabetes``\ risk alleles of the HHEX-IDE locus is confirmed in children of mothers with type 1 \ ``diabetes``\ . [`PMID 19622614`_] * Meta-analysis of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator) [`PMID 21059810`_] * Type 2 \ ``diabetes``\ susceptibility of HHEX was confirmed in Japanese. [`PMID 19033397`_] * Single nucleotide polymorphism in HHEX is associated with type 2 \ ``diabetes``\ . [`PMID 18991055`_] * the interaction between Hhex and SOX13 may contribute to control Wnt/TCF1 signaling in the early embryo. [`PMID 20028982`_] * Uncategorized study of gene-disease association, gene-environment interaction, and pharmacogenomic / toxicogenomic. (HuGE Navigator) [`PMID 19956635`_] * Genetic variation predisposes to type 2 \ ``diabetes``\ . [`PMID 17632701`_] * PRH interacts with the HC8 subunit of the proteasome in the context of both 20 and 26 S proteasomes and is associated with the proteasome in K562 hematopoietic cells; the proline-rich PRH N-terminal domain is responsible for this interaction. [`PMID 12826010`_] * Affinity Capture-Western [`PMID 12826010`_] * Variations confer impaired \ ``glucose``\ - and tolbutamide-induced \ ``insulin``\ release in middle-aged and young healthy subjects. [`PMID 17827400`_] * HHEX, IDE and SLC30A8 showed strongest tissue-specific mRNA expression bias and are associated with increased risk of type 2 diabete. [`PMID 20703447`_] * HHEX, is more likely to represent the genuine signals of T2DM in the Tunisian population. [`PMID 21510814`_] * HHEX (PRH) interacts with TLE1. [`PMID 15187083`_] * Affinity Capture-MS [`PMID 21890473`_] * Observational study of gene-disease association, gene-gene interaction, and gene-environment interaction. (HuGE Navigator) [`PMID 20889853`_] * The associations between SNPs of TCF7L2, CDKAL1, SLC30A8 and HHEX and the development of DR and DN. [`PMID 22487833`_] * Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator) [`PMID 20929593`_] * Observational study of gene-disease association and gene-environment interaction. (HuGE Navigator) [`PMID 20802253`_] * Results demonstrate that transcriptional repression by PRH is dependent on TLE availability and suggest that subnuclear localization of TLE plays an important role in transcriptional repression by PRH. [`PMID 18713067`_] * HHEX is a common type 2 \ ``diabetes``\ -susceptibility gene across different ethnic groups. [`PMID 17928989`_] * variants near the HHEX gene contribute to the risk of type 2 \ ``diabetes``\ in a Dutch population [`PMID 18231124`_] * Variations within the HHEX gene conferred the impaired \ ``insulin``\ secretion and changes of \ ``insulin``\ degradation but no alteration in \ ``insulin``\ sensitivity in carriers of risk for gluccose intolerance. [`PMID 19117022`_] * HHEX has been implicated in pancreas development and the regulation of \ ``insulin``\ secretion and risk of type 2 \ ``diabetes``\ . [`PMID 20080751`_] * Observational study of gene-disease association and gene-gene interaction. (HuGE Navigator) [`PMID 20571754`_] * Hex, a hematopoietically expressed homeobox protein, induces transcription of the SM22alpha gene by facilitating the interaction between SRF and its cognate binding site in embryonic fibroblasts. [`PMID 15242862`_] * HEX/Hex is a novel bile acid-induced FXR/Fxr target gene during adaptation of hepatocytes to chronic bile acid exposure. [`PMID 19072826`_] * Meta-analysis and genome-wide association study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator) [`PMID 17463249`_] * Variations are not linked to \ ``diabetes``\ mellitus. [`PMID 17618412`_] * translocation involving nucleoporin 98 (NUP98) fused to the DNA-binding domain of the hematopoietically expressed homeobox gene found in acute myeloid leukemia [`PMID 18388181`_] * Gene variants of CDKAL1, PPARG, IGF2BP2, HHEX, TCF7L2, and FTO predispose to type 2 \ ``diabetes``\ in the German KORA 500 K study population. [`PMID 18597214`_] * Observational study of gene-disease association, gene-environment interaction, and pharmacogenomic / toxicogenomic. (HuGE Navigator) [`PMID 18544707`_] * there is an association between PPARG, KCNJ11, CDKAL1, CDKN2A-CDKN2B, IDE-KIF11-HHEX, IGF2BP2 and SLC30A8 and type 2 \ ``diabetes``\ in the Chinese population [`PMID 19862325`_] * Observational study and meta-analysis of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator) [`PMID 20927120`_] * Data show that SNPs in HHEX did not confer a significant risk for type 2 \ ``diabetes``\ in Pima Indians. [`PMID 19008344`_] * genomic organization and chromosome 10 mapping [`PMID 11701950`_] * Located on chromosome 10 and suscptibility of polymorphisms are related to type 2 \ ``diabetes``\ . [`PMID 19053027`_] * Data confirmed the associations of single nucleotide polymorphisms in HHEX with risk for type 2 \ ``diabetes``\ in Asians. [`PMID 18469204`_] * HEX may not affect the differentiation of endothelial cells but acts as a negative regulator of angiogenesis. [`PMID 12588764`_] * CDKAL1 and HHEX/IDE \ ``diabetes``\ -associated alleles are associated with decreased pancreatic beta-cell function, including decreased beta-cell \ ``glucose``\ sensitivity that relates \ ``insulin``\ secretion to plasma \ ``glucose``\ concentration. [`PMID 17804762`_] * Hex can act as a T lineage oncogene when misexpressed in hematopoietic precursor cells [`PMID 14555989`_] * There was no association of the genetic polymorhism rs1111875 of HHEX with the occurrence of polycystic ovary syndrome in the Chinese population. [`PMID 20041287`_] * Data report a novel association between the fetal ADCY5 type 2 \ ``diabetes``\ risk allele and decreased birthweight, and confirm in meta-analyses associations between decreased birthweight and the type 2 \ ``diabetes``\ risk alleles of HHEX-IDE and CDKAL1. [`PMID 20490451`_] * Tgf-beta mediated repression of flk-1/KDR and mediated repression of flk-1/KDR and VEGF signaling involves the inducible formation of inhibitory Hex-GATA signaling Hex-GATA involves the formation of Hex-GATA complexes. [`PMID 15016828`_] * the same genetic HHEX-IDE variant, which is associated with type 2 \ ``diabetes``\ from previous studies, also influences pediatric body mass index [`PMID 19933996`_] * The association of 6 loci with type 2 \ ``diabetes``\ risk in Japanese patients is reported. [`PMID 18162508`_] * PRH octamers wrap DNA in order to bring about transcriptional repression [`PMID 18755198`_] * Two-hybrid [`PMID 16189514`_] * Two-hybrid [`PMID 16189514`_] .. _PMID 16854221: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16854221 .. _PMID 21368910: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21368910 .. _PMID 18039816: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18039816 .. _PMID 20460429: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20460429 .. _PMID 20075150: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20075150 .. _PMID 19602701: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19602701 .. _PMID 20879858: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20879858 .. _PMID 12554669: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12554669 .. _PMID 10597310: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10597310 .. _PMID 20647405: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20647405 .. _PMID 20176809: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20176809 .. _PMID 16540119: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16540119 .. _PMID 15062550: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15062550 .. _PMID 17971426: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17971426 .. _PMID 19401414: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19401414 .. _PMID 19622614: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19622614 .. _PMID 21059810: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21059810 .. _PMID 19033397: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19033397 .. _PMID 18991055: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18991055 .. _PMID 20028982: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20028982 .. _PMID 19956635: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19956635 .. _PMID 17632701: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17632701 .. _PMID 12826010: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12826010 .. _PMID 17827400: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17827400 .. _PMID 20703447: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20703447 .. _PMID 21510814: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21510814 .. _PMID 15187083: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15187083 .. _PMID 21890473: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21890473 .. _PMID 20889853: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20889853 .. _PMID 22487833: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22487833 .. _PMID 20929593: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20929593 .. _PMID 20802253: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20802253 .. _PMID 18713067: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18713067 .. _PMID 17928989: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17928989 .. _PMID 18231124: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18231124 .. _PMID 19117022: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19117022 .. _PMID 20080751: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20080751 .. _PMID 20571754: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20571754 .. _PMID 15242862: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15242862 .. _PMID 19072826: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19072826 .. _PMID 17463249: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17463249 .. _PMID 17618412: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17618412 .. _PMID 18388181: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18388181 .. _PMID 18597214: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18597214 .. _PMID 18544707: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18544707 .. _PMID 19862325: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19862325 .. _PMID 20927120: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20927120 .. _PMID 19008344: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19008344 .. _PMID 11701950: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11701950 .. _PMID 19053027: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19053027 .. _PMID 18469204: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18469204 .. _PMID 12588764: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12588764 .. _PMID 17804762: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17804762 .. _PMID 14555989: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14555989 .. _PMID 20041287: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20041287 .. _PMID 20490451: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20490451 .. _PMID 15016828: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15016828 .. _PMID 19933996: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19933996 .. _PMID 18162508: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18162508 .. _PMID 18755198: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18755198 .. _PMID 16189514: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16189514 .. _HHEX Pubmed: PubMed Articles *************** *Recent articles:* * Perry JR et al. "Stratifying type 2 diabetes cases by BMI identifies genetic risk variants in LAMA1 and enrichment for risk variants in lean compared to obese cases." PLoS Genet. 2012 May;8(5):e1002741. `PMID 22693455`_ * Fu LL et al. "[Association analysis of genetic polymorphisms of TCF7L2, CDKAL1, SLC30A8, HHEX genes and microvascular complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus]." Zhonghua Yi Xue Yi Chuan Xue Za Zhi. 2012 Apr;29(2):194-9. `PMID 22487833`_ * Wagner SA et al. "A proteome-wide, quantitative survey of in vivo ubiquitylation sites reveals widespread regulatory roles." Mol Cell Proteomics. 2011 Oct;10(10):M111.013284. `PMID 21890473`_ * Sawcer S et al. "Genetic risk and a primary role for cell-mediated immune mechanisms in multiple sclerosis." Nature. 2011 Aug 10;476(7359):214-9. `PMID 21833088`_ * Ryoo H et al. "Heterogeneity of genetic associations of CDKAL1 and HHEX with susceptibility of type 2 diabetes mellitus by gender." Eur J Hum Genet. 2011 Jun;19(6):672-5. `PMID 21368910`_ * Kifagi C et al. "Association of genetic variations in TCF7L2, SLC30A8, HHEX, LOC387761, and EXT2 with Type 2 diabetes mellitus in Tunisia." Genet Test Mol Biomarkers. 2011 Jun;15(6):399-405. `PMID 21510814`_ * Zhai G et al. "Eight common genetic variants associated with serum DHEAS levels suggest a key role in ageing mechanisms." PLoS Genet. 2011 Apr;7(4):e1002025. `PMID 21533175`_ * Cai Y et al. "Meta-analysis of the effect of HHEX gene polymorphism on the risk of type 2 diabetes." Mutagenesis. 2011 Mar;26(2):309-14. `PMID 21059810`_ * Wang Y et al. "Quantitative assessment of the influence of hematopoietically expressed homeobox variant (rs1111875) on type 2 diabetes risk." Mol Genet Metab. 2011 Feb;102(2):194-9. `PMID 21056935`_ * Webster RJ et al. "The longitudinal association of common susceptibility variants for type 2 diabetes and obesity with fasting glucose level and BMI." BMC Med Genet. 2010 Oct 8;11:140. `PMID 20929593`_ .. _PMID 21890473: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21890473 .. _PMID 21368910: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21368910 .. _PMID 22487833: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22487833 .. _PMID 20929593: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20929593 .. _PMID 21059810: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21059810 .. _PMID 21056935: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21056935 .. _PMID 21533175: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21533175 .. _PMID 22693455: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22693455 .. _PMID 21510814: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21510814 .. _PMID 21833088: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21833088 *Top Pubmed articles linked to gene HHEX matching any search term:* * Iwata M et al. "Genetic risk score constructed using 14 susceptibility alleles for type 2 diabetes is associated with the early onset of diabetes and may predict the future requirement of insulin injections among Japanese individuals." Diabetes Care. 2012 Aug;35(8):1763-70. `PMID 22688542`_ * Rosengren AH et al. "Reduced Insulin Exocytosis in Human Pancreatic β-Cells With Gene Variants Linked to Type 2 Diabetes." Diabetes. 2012 Jul;61(7):1726-33. `PMID 22492527`_ * Linder K et al. "Allele summation of diabetes risk genes predicts impaired glucose tolerance in female and obese individuals." PLoS One. 2012;7(6):e38224. `PMID 22768041`_ * Gupta V et al. "Association of TCF7L2 and ADIPOQ with Body Mass Index, Waist-Hip Ratio, and Systolic Blood Pressure in an Endogamous Ethnic Group of India." Genet Test Mol Biomarkers. 2012 May 14;. `PMID 22583123`_ * Ekelund M et al. "Genetic prediction of postpartum diabetes in women with gestational diabetes mellitus." Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2012 May 14;. `PMID 22591707`_ * Kurzawski M et al. "Analysis of common type 2 diabetes mellitus genetic risk factors in new-onset diabetes after transplantation in kidney transplant patients medicated with tacrolimus." Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2012 May 9;. `PMID 22569928`_ * Winkler C et al. "Lack of association of type 2 diabetes susceptibility genotypes and body weight on the development of islet autoimmunity and type 1 diabetes." PLoS One. 2012;7(4):e35410. `PMID 22558147`_ * Qian Y et al. "Genetic variants of IDE-KIF11-HHEX at 10q23.33 associated with type 2 diabetes risk: a fine-mapping study in Chinese population." PLoS One. 2012;7(4):e35060. `PMID 22506066`_ * Fu LL et al. "[Association analysis of genetic polymorphisms of TCF7L2, CDKAL1, SLC30A8, HHEX genes and microvascular complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus]." Zhonghua Yi Xue Yi Chuan Xue Za Zhi. 2012 Apr;29(2):194-9. `PMID 22487833`_ * Kim JJ et al. "Polycystic ovary syndrome is not associated with polymorphisms of the TCF7L2, CDKAL1, HHEX, KCNJ11, FTO and SLC30A8 genes." Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2012 Mar 24;. `PMID 22443257`_ * Ryoo H et al. "Heterogeneity of genetic associations of CDKAL1 and HHEX with susceptibility of type 2 diabetes mellitus by gender." Eur J Hum Genet. 2011 Jun;19(6):672-5. `PMID 21368910`_ * Shu XO et al. "Identification of new genetic risk variants for type 2 diabetes." PLoS Genet. 2010 Sep 16;6(9). `PMID 20862305`_ * Winkler C et al. "BMI at age 8 years is influenced by the type 2 diabetes susceptibility genes HHEX-IDE and CDKAL1." Diabetes. 2010 Aug;59(8):2063-7. `PMID 20460429`_ * Voight BF et al. "Twelve type 2 diabetes susceptibility loci identified through large-scale association analysis." Nat Genet. 2010 Jul;42(7):579-89. `PMID 20581827`_ * Gupta V et al. "A validation study of type 2 diabetes-related variants of the TCF7L2, HHEX, KCNJ11, and ADIPOQ genes in one endogamous ethnic group of north India." Ann Hum Genet. 2010 Jul;74(4):361-8. `PMID 20597906`_ * Lin Y et al. "Association study of genetic variants in eight genes/loci with type 2 diabetes in a Han Chinese population." BMC Med Genet. 2010 Jun 15;11:97. `PMID 20550665`_ * Wen J et al. "Investigation of type 2 diabetes risk alleles support CDKN2A/B, CDKAL1, and TCF7L2 as susceptibility genes in a Han Chinese cohort." PLoS One. 2010 Feb 10;5(2):e9153. `PMID 20161779`_ * Talmud PJ et al. "Utility of genetic and non-genetic risk factors in prediction of type 2 diabetes: Whitehall II prospective cohort study." BMJ. 2010 Jan 14;340:b4838. `PMID 20075150`_ * Tan JT et al. "Polymorphisms identified through genome-wide association studies and their associations with type 2 diabetes in Chinese, Malays, and Asian-Indians in Singapore." J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2010 Jan;95(1):390-7. `PMID 19892838`_ * Brito EC et al. "Previously associated type 2 diabetes variants may interact with physical activity to modify the risk of impaired glucose regulation and type 2 diabetes: a study of 16,003 Swedish adults." Diabetes. 2009 Jun;58(6):1411-8. `PMID 19324937`_ .. _PMID 19892838: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19892838 .. _PMID 21368910: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21368910 .. _PMID 22506066: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22506066 .. _PMID 22443257: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22443257 .. _PMID 22583123: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22583123 .. _PMID 20460429: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20460429 .. _PMID 22558147: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22558147 .. _PMID 22487833: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22487833 .. _PMID 20581827: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20581827 .. _PMID 20075150: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20075150 .. _PMID 20597906: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20597906 .. _PMID 22492527: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22492527 .. _PMID 20550665: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20550665 .. _PMID 22591707: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22591707 .. _PMID 22569928: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22569928 .. _PMID 19324937: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19324937 .. _PMID 20862305: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20862305 .. _PMID 20161779: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20161779 .. _PMID 22768041: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22768041 .. _PMID 22688542: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22688542