Following the model change the given sentences from the somewhat stilted expression of a negative hope to the more idiomatic one of positive fear. (The overall meaning will remain roughly the same.):

Model: us:ð y:h umm:id (y:a AaS:a) T:i ek c:aðri n: haðg:i . => us:ð y:h Rr T:a ek khiø c:aðri n: hað j:aO .

1. AaS:a y:h T:i ek hm:ðö n:hiø dðK:ðög:ð . => B:y: y:h T:a ek ... ... ... ... ... .

2. umm:id y:h hò ek m:òö ePs:l:kr n:hiø eg:-úg:i . => Rr y:h hò ek ... ... ... ... ... ... .

3. us:ð AaS:a T:i ek g:a_i sXðS:n: s:ð en:kl:i n:hiø hò . => us:ð Rr T:a ek ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ....

4. AaS:a T:i ek t:Øm: Es: c:Vkr m:ðö Pús:ð t:að n:hiø hað . => Rr T:a ek ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ....

5. eks:an: AaS:a kr rhð hòø ek p:aòD:ð n:hiø s:ÜK:ðög:ð . => eks:an: Rr rhð hòö ek ... ... ... ... ... .

6. m:ØJ:ð umm:id hò ek t:Ü m:ðri dØSm:n: n:hiø b:n:ðg:i . => m:ØJ:ð Rr hò ek ... ... ... ... ... ... ... .

Key.

Return to notes on khiø and the expression of fear.

Posted on 7 Aug 1999.
Corrected (by Tahsin Siddiqi): 20 Aug 1999.
Updated: 9 Aug 1999, 5 Sept 1999.